Hair on end sign is a radiographic finding. It is characterized by expansion of diploic space as a consequence of widening of trabeculae. Since these trabeculae are perpendicular to the skull vault, hence they appear as hair on the end of the skull. Hair on end sign is seen in the case of: - Thalassemia major - Iron deficiency anemia - Sickle cell disease - Hereditary spherocytosis - Neuroblastoma Reference: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/hair-on-end-sign-mnemonic#:~:text=The%20hair%20on%20end%20sign,hyperplasia%20along%20with%20skull%20vault. Image via: https://casereports.bmj.com/content/2013/bcr-2012-008095