During the normal gait cycle, the pelvis is kept leveled during all phases by gluteus medius. However, in a person having superior gluteal nerve lesion, pelvis cannot be lifted. When such a person is asked to stand on one leg, the pelvis descends on the side of the unsupported limb, thus indicating paralysis of gluteus medius of the opposite, supported limb. This is known as a positive trendelenburg sign. The superior gluteal nerve may be damaged in a variety of conditions including hip joint dislocation, pelvic fractures and even misplaced intragluteal injections. Image via: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/482377810085361367/