Sheeza Basharatabout 3 hours ago

Erythropoietin

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a crucial hormone, primarily produced by the kidneys, that signals the bone marrow to make more red blood cells (RBCs) when oxygen levels are low, a process called erythropoiesis, to deliver oxygen throughout the body. Synthetic forms (ESAs) treat anemia from kidney disease or chemotherapy but are also misused as doping agents, risking heart issues. EPO works by binding to receptors on immature RBCs, promoting their division and maturation, and is essential for preventing anemia and supporting tissue oxygenation.