samdy

almost 4 years ago

Pathophysiology of Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) HPIV infects both animals and humans. This virus transmits from an infected to healthy individual by direct touch and aerosols expelled from mouth, nose and eyes. HPIV survives on clothes, skin and other objects for a long time therefore it is necessary to maintain hand and general hygiene for an infected individual. HPIV binds effectively with respiratory epithelium where it attaches with hemagglutinin in host cells. The virus enters the host cells by fusion with cell membrane which is mediated by F1 and F2 receptors. Morpholoy of HPIV infection includes • Focal rounding • Growth of cytoplasm and nucleus • Decreased host cell mitotic activity • Single or multilocular cytoplasmic vacuoles • Basophilic or eosinophilic inclusions • Formation of multinucleated giant cells (each contains 2-7 nuclei)