1️⃣.Oopherectomy- *removal of ovary by surgery* either by abdominal incision ,laprascopy ⬇️ 2️⃣.Salpingectomy- *removal of fallopian tube along with ovary* via abdominal incision *or* laprascopy ⬇️ 3️⃣.hysterectomy- *removal of uterus with or without ovary* it is done via abdominal incision and removing the attached ligaments and removing via vagina or laprascopy ⬇️ 4️⃣.orchidectomy - removal of testicles by central incision and tieing the vas deferens and blood vessel