Severe hyperplastic oral candidiasis in a patient with HIV
Oral candidiasis, commonly known as thrush, poses a significant challenge for individuals living with HIV. This condition, caused by the Candida fungus, often manifests in the mouth, leading to uncomfortable symptoms and affecting overall oral health. In HIV patients, oral candidiasis is prevalent due to the weakened immune system, making them more susceptible to fungal infections. The decrease in CD4 cell count, a key marker of immune health, provides an opportunity for Candida to thrive and cause an overgrowth in the oral cavity. The symptoms of oral candidiasis can vary but typically include white, creamy patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, or roof of the mouth. These patches may be accompanied by pain, difficulty swallowing, and a cotton-like sensation in the mouth. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the throat, causing further discomfort and complications. Managing oral candidiasis in HIV patients requires a multi-faceted approach. Antifungal medications, such as oral or topical antifungal agents, are commonly prescribed to combat the fungal overgrowth. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, can help control the infection and prevent its recurrence. It is essential for HIV patients to work closely with their healthcare providers to address oral candidiasis effectively. Monitoring the patient's CD4 cell count and viral load is crucial in managing the infection and evaluating the overall immune system response. Furthermore, proper education and awareness play a vital role in preventing and managing oral candidiasis in HIV patients. Understanding the importance of consistent antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and the impact of a Let's work together to combat HIV/AIDS! #HIVAwareness #GlobalHealth#hiv #aids Credit: Mahajan VK, Gupta M, Sharma R, Shiny T N, Gupta S, Rashpa RS. Clinico-epidemiologic attributes of 515 persons living with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on antiretroviral therapy: Indian J Dermatol 2022;67:205