Two MASSIVE polycystic kidneys! This patient was suffering from a condition known as polycystic kidney disease. Polycystic kidney disease is a disorder that affects the kidneys and other organs. Clusters of fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, develop in the kidneys and interfere with their ability to filter waste products from the blood. The growth of cysts causes the kidneys to become enlarged and can lead to kidney failure. Cysts may also develop in other organs, particularly the liver.The cysts in polycystic kidney disease are noncancerous sacs containing water-like fluid. They can grow very large. Many people with this condition have kidney failure by age 60. Symptoms include high blood pressure, back or side pain, and a swollen abdomen.