Hematuria refers to presence of blood in the urine. It may be microscopic or gross. Following are the possible causes of hematuria: - urinary tract infection - urolithiasis - urothelial carcinoma - pyelonephritis - adenocarcinoma of prostate - benign prostatic hypertrophy - prostatitis - cystitis Reference: https://teachmesurgery.com/urology/presentations/haematuria/#:~:text=The%20most%20common%20causes%20include,benign%20prostatic%20hypertrophy%20(BPH).&text=Urological%20causes%20of%20haematuria%20include,including%20pyelonephritis%2C%20cystitis%2C%20or%20prostatitis Image via: https://nabtahealth.com/blood-in-your-childs-urine-it-could-be-hematuria/