Atrial fibrillation refers to chaotic, out-of-sync contraction of atria. It often presents with weakness, palpitations, and shortness of breath. If untreated, it may lead to stroke or heart failure. Possible causes of atrial fibrillation are: - Hypertension - Myocardial infarction - Sleep apnea - Coronary artery disease - Valvular abnormality - Stress - Congenital heart defects - Viral infections - Prior heart procedures - Thyrotoxicosis - Metabolic derangement - Caffeine, tobacco, alcohol, or other stimulant exposure - Pulmonary disease - Sick sinus syndrome Reference: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrial-fibrillation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350624 Image via: https://www.aclsmedicaltraining.com/atrial-fibrillation/