Super duper gigantic bladder stone! There are different types of bladder stones. In general, stones are formed from calcified materials, when one or more stone-forming compounds are present in elevated or concentrated levels in the urine, either due to abnormalities in diet, metabolism, or previous bladder infection. When the amount of stone forming compounds reach a certain level, they precipitate to form tiny crystals. These crystals stick together and stones gradually form. As time passes, the stones enlarge and increase in number, a process that takes month to years. Most stones are composed of dense mineral and can be detected on a radiograph or ultrasound of the pelvis. A complicated case can lead to urinary obstruction and necessitates surgical intervention. Photo by @surgilicious
Hemodynamic stimuli&nonhemodynamic stimuliEffects of sugar on teeth
