Kidney, or renal, cancer refers to any type of cancer involving the the kidney.Older age, obesity, smoking, and high blood pressure increase the risk of developing kidney cancer.A cancer that starts outside the kidney and metastasizes to the kidney is not normally called kidney cancer Kidney cancers mainly originate in two parts of the kidney, the renal tubule and the renal pelvis -Types of kidney cancer: Types of kidney cancer: 1. Renal cell carcinoma accounts for around 30,000 new kidney cancer cases in the U.S. each year. 2. Urothelial cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis 3. Squamous cell carcinoma 4. Juxtaglomerular cell tumor, or reninoma 5. Angiomyolipoma 6. Renal oncocytoma 7. Bellini duct carcinoma 8. Clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney 9. Mesoblastic nephroma 10.Wilms' tumor, usually diagnosed in children 5 years of age