Exposed necrotic bone in bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis, (A) following extraction and (B) apparently spontaneous. Despite exposure of large areas of necrotic bone there is no overt infection in these early lesions. Courtesy Dr J Fantasia. Published in Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endontology, Vol 102, Ruggiero SL et al, Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, pp 433–41, © Elsevier, 2006.