Zunaira saleh2 days ago

Augmentation of atrophic edentulous mandible.

(A) Preoperative radiograph. (B) Exposure of atrophic mandible through an extraoral approach. (C) Bone graft in place. Bone graft was a combination of bone morphogenetic protein, stem cells harvested by aspiration of iliac crest marrow, and freeze-dried bone. (D) Six-month postoperative radiograph. (Maxillary bone graft and zygomaticus implants were placed at the time of mandibular grafting.) Note that the bone graft area is not as dense as underlying bone. When implants are placed and stress is applied to grafted bone, the de