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Carotid body glomus cell oxygen sensing.

 When PO2 decreases below around 60 mm Hg, potassium channels close, causing cell depolarization, opening of calcium channels, and increased cytosolic calcium ion concentration. This stimulates transmitter release (ATP is likely the most important), which activates afferent fibers that send signals to the central nervous system (CNS) and stimulate respiration. The mechanisms by which low PO2 influences potassium channel activity are still unclear. ΔVm, change in membrane voltage.