Treatment of pulsus paradoxus
Pulsus paradoxus isn’t an illness and requires no specific treatment. It’s something your provider can use during a clinical exam to figure out if your underlying lung or heart disease is affecting the function of your heart chambers. Providers use pulsus paradoxus to make decisions about when to intervene on your lung or heart disease. Conditions that cause pulsus paradoxus make it hard for your heart or lungs to function. Some of these conditions put pressure on your lungs or heart. Others involve narrow or blocked parts in your lungs or heart. Treatment involves relieving pressure on your organs or opening up narrow airways or heart valves, for example. Treatments to resolve these issues in your heart or lungs may include: Pericardiocentesis or surgery for cardiac tamponade. Surgery or medication for constrictive pericarditis. Medicine, surgery or a minimally invasive procedure for a heart attack. Medicine, drainage of the fluid, scar tissue creation or surgery for pleural effusion. Medicines for restrictive cardiomyopathy. Medicines for asthma. Medicine and surgery for tricuspid atresia. Medicine or surgery for a pulmonary embolism. Air drainage or surgery for a collapsed lung. Medication, physical therapy or surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. Medicines and extra oxygen for COPD. Surgery to correct pectus excavatum.
laudspeakerECG of the dayHeart MurmursChest pain associated with cryodiaphoresisArrhythmias IIDissecting aneurysm, (Type 1)Welcome### Anatomy of the Heart: Summary The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products. It is located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs, and is roughly the size of a fist. #### 1. **Structure:** - **Chambers:** The heart has four chambers: - **Right Atrium:** Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cavae. - **Right Ventricle:** Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. - **Left Atrium:** Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. - **Left Ventricle:** Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through the aorta. - **Valves:** The heart contains four main valves that ensure unidirectional blood flow: - **Tricuspid Valve:** Located between the right atrium and right ventricle. - **Pulmonary Valve:** Located between the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries. - **Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve:** Located between the left atrium and left ventricle. - **Aortic Valve:** Located between the left ventricle and the aorta. #### 2. **Wall Layers:** - **Epicardium:** The outer layer, also known as the visceral pericardium. - **Myocardium:** The thick, muscular middle layer responsible for contraction. - **Endocardium:** The inner layer that lines the chambers and valves. #### 3. **Blood Supply:** - The heart receives its blood supply from the coronary arteries, which branch off the aorta. The **right coronary artery** supplies the right side of the heart, while the **left coronary artery** branches into the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries, supplying the left side. #### 4. **Electrical System:** - The heart's rhythmic contractions are controlled by its electrical conduction system, which includes: - **Sinoatrial (SA) Node:** The natural pacemaker located in the right atrium. - **Atrioventricular (AV) Node:** Receives impulses from the SA node and transmits them to the ventricles. - **Bundle of His and Purkinje Fibers:** Distribute the electrical impulse throughout the ventricles, leading to contraction. #### 5. **Function:** - The heart functions in two primary circulatory loops: - **Pulmonary Circulation:** Moves deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. - **Systemic Circulation:** Distributes oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body. The anatomy of the heart is crucial for its role in maintaining effective circulation and overall cardiovascular health. Understanding its structure helps in diagnosing and treating various heart conditions.