Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas or fibroids, are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Most women have no symptoms while others may have painful or heavy periods. If large enough, they may push on the bladder causing a frequent need to urinate. They may also cause lower back pain. A woman can have one uterine fibroid or many. Occasionally, fibroids may make it difficult to become pregnant, although this is uncommon. Symptomatic uterine fibroids can be treated by: • medication to control symptoms (i.e., symptomatic management) • medication aimed at shrinking tumors • ultrasound fibroid destruction • myomectomy or radiofrequency ablation • hysterectomy • uterine artery embolization