This short video provides basic knowledge about how skin appendages such as hair and nails arise. We also look at how the arrector pili muscle helps create a warm insulating layer when a person is exposed to cold. 0:00 introduction 0:23 nails 1:00 epidermis and nail root 2:13 keratin 2:41 dermis 2:47 hypodermis 2:59 hair 3:17 difference between hair and nail 3:55 papillary and reticular dermis 4:28 hair follicle 5:41 arrector pili muscle