Ovarian torsion - see that twist!!! This condition involves torsion of the ovarian tissue on its pedicle leading to reduced venous return, stromal edema, internal hemorrhage, and infarction with the subsequent sequelae. It classically occurs unilaterally in a pathologically enlarged ovary but torsion of a normal ovary is also common among young children. Patients present with the sudden onset (commonly during exercise or other agitating movement) of severe, unilateral lower abdominal pain that worsens intermittently over many hours accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Some patient also describe bilateral lower quadrant pain described as sharp and stabbing or, less frequently, crampy. Ovarian tumors, both benign and malignant, are implicated in 50-60% of cases of torsion. Involved masses are nearly all larger than 4-6 cm, although torsion is still possible with smaller masses. Photo by @medical_gossips
Hemodynamic stimuli&nonhemodynamic stimuli
