Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by excessive exposure of esophageal mucosa to gastric acid secondary to variety of factors ranging from impaired lower sphincter function and hiatal hernia. The complications of GERD are: - Asthma - Peptic stricture - Inflammation of esophagus - Aspiration - Sinusitis - Upper gastrointestinal tract ulceration and bleeding - Barrett’s esophagus and increased subsequent risk of malignancy Reference: https://www.cheyenneregional.org/service/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd-treatment/complications/ Image via: https://www.gastroenterologyadvisor.com/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd/recommendations-issued-for-surgical-endoscopic-gerd-interventions-based-on-ppi-response/