What are the common causes of cholangitis?
An inflammation or infection of biliary tree is known as cholangitis. The condition can be caused by: obstruction of biliary tree by mass or stones, an parasitic infection like round worm or liver fluke, post-ERCP infections, HIV cholangiopathy or invasion by tumors like pancreatic, cholangiocarcinomas, HCC or metastised tumors. It is also known as biliary sepsis. Differential diagnosis may include: cholecystitis or jaundice by hepatitis infections. It is diagnosed by use of blood tests (CBC, urea, serum electrolytes, amylase, clotting factor studies), blood cultures and imaging like CXR, USG abdomen, CT-abdomen.