Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the patient's body. The CPB pump itself is often referred to as a heart–lung machine or "the pump". Cardiopulmonary bypass pumps are operated by perfusionists. CPB is a form of extracorporeal circulation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is generally used for longer-term treatment Surgical procedures in which cardiopulmonary bypass is usedEdit Coronary artery bypass surgeryCardiac valve repair and/or replacement (aortic valve, mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonic valve)Repair of large septal defects (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular septal defect)Repair and/or palliation of congenital heart defects (Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great vessels)Transplantation (heart transplantation, lung transplantation, heart–lung transplantation)Repair of some large aneurysms (aortic aneurysms, cerebral aneurysms)Pulmonary thromboendarterectomyPulmonary thrombectomy Thanks Sanjeev Gupta