An 18-year-old male presents with muscle weakness, cramps, and tetany. Blood pressure is normal and no edema is present. Laboratory analysis reveals hypokalemic alkalosis, hyperaldosteronism, and high plasma renin activity, diagnostic of Bartter’s syndrome. Which of the following statements about renin is true?
ExplanationRenin is secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells (near the afferent arterioles) in response to decreased renal arterial pressure. It acts on angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II, a highly potent pressor agent that, despite a short half-life in humans, has numerous regulatory functions, including the control of aldosterone secretion and sodium and water conservation.