Clinically useful serum or urine diagnostic tests exist for all of the following invasive fungal infections EXCEPT:
ExplanationThe definitive diagnosis of an invasive fungal infection generally requires histologic demonstration of fungus invading tissue along with an inflammatory response. However, Coccidioides serum complement fixation, cryptococcal serum and cerebrospinal fluid antigen, and urine/serum Histoplasma antigen are all tests with good performance characteristics, occasionally allowing for presumptive diagnoses before pathologic tissue sections can be examined or cultures of blood or tissue turn positive. Serum testing for galactomannan is approved for the diagnosis of Aspergillus infection. However, false-negative test results may occur. Multiple serial tests may decrease the incidence of false-negative test results. There is no approved urine or serologic test for blastomycosis.
