A 45-year-old woman is admitted to the emergency department after a frst episode of witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure. She is administered lorazepam 2 mg with cessation of seizure activity. All of the following are likely possible causes of her seizure EXCEPT:
ExplanationAge of presentation is an important consideration when an individual presents with a new onset of seizure because certain causes of seizures are more likely to present within certain age ranges, ranging from the neonatal period throughout older adulthood (age> 35 years). In individuals >35 years old, the most likely causes of new-onset seizures include alcohol withdrawal, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumor, auto antibodies, Alzheimer disease or other neurodegenerative disease, and a range of metabolic disorders. These disorders can include either hyper- or hypoglycemia, uremia, hepatic failure, and a host of electrolyte abnormalities or acid-base disorders. Inherited disorders of ion channels have been implicated in a variety of rare epilepsy syndromes. These genetic disorders typically present in childhood and rarely after the age of 18.