Cigarette smoking and chronic alcohol use are associated risk factors

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett esophagus are associated risk factors

Histologic findings include disordered, back-to-back submucosal glands

It most frequently arises in the lower third of the esophagus

A 65-year-old man presents with dysphagia, weight loss, and anorexia. Physical examination is normal. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy of an esophageal lesion is performed, revealing squamous cell carcinoma. Which of the following is true regarding this cancer?