Which of the following statements is true regarding sex diferences in disease?
ExplanationWomen do have a longer and more vulnerable QT interval on average. Two-thirds of cases of drug-induced torsades de pointes, a rare, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia, occur in women. Testosterone administered to women or men increases the incidence or severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Women are more sensitive to insulin than men. Despite this, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is similar in men and women. There is a sex diference in the relationship between endogenous androgen levels and diabetes risk. Higher bioavailable testosterone levels are associated with increased risk in women, whereas lower bioavailable testosterone levels are associated with increased risk in men. Obesity has been shown to increase the risk for endometrial cancer in women. This is likely due to the increased extragonadal source of estrogen produced by adipose tissue. Although most autoimmune diseases are more common in women (with type 1 diabetes and ankylosing spondylitis as exceptions), the use of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy in women does not increase the risk of autoimmune diseases.
