Homicide Garroting- Ligature strangulation from behind Mugging- By holding neck in the bend of elbow Burking-Smothering+Traumatic asphyxia Force required to obstuct trachea-15kg Fresh water and salt water drowning Fresh water drowning-Hemodilution,hyponatremia,Hyperkalemia Salt water drowning-Pulmonary edema,hemoconcentration Hydrocution- No specific postmortem finding Water in sphenoidal air sinus is a very good sign in drowning. Rule of Hasse To find intrauterine age of fetus Upto 5 months square root of length After 5 months multiply by 5.