What you see here is a fraction of the medications needed for anesthesia in cardiac surgery. Basically, the initiation, ie putting the patient to sleep, always works the same way: 1. You start with an (opioid) analgesic, such as Fentanyl. Analgesics are medicines for the pain 2. it follows a hypnotic such. Propofol. This medication makes you sleep. If the patient is then allowed to breathe well, the last step follows. 3. in this case, a muscle relaxant, such as Injected Esmeron. This medication makes the muscles relax and you can intubate the patient. So insert a tube into the trachea and then ventilate it via a machine