
Nephritic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by inflammation of the glomeruli (filters), causing a triad of hematuria (blood in urine), decreased urine output (oliguria), hypertension (high blood pressure), and fluid retention/edema, often with mild to moderate protein in the urine. It results from glomerular damage, leading to leakage of blood cells and protein, and can stem from infections, autoimmune diseases (like lupus), or other kidney issues, requiring diagnosis via urinalysis, blood tests, and sometimes biopsy, with treatment focusing on managing underlying causes and blood pressure.