Hunain22 days ago

Treatment of glaucoma

1. Chronic open-angle glaucoma (in escalating order). a. Topical medications—Most patients are first treated topically with a β-blocker, α-agonist, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and/or prostaglandin analogue singly or in combination to reach the target pressure. b. Laser or surgical treatment for refractory cases. 2. Acute angle-closure glaucoma. a. An ophthalmic emergency—refer to an ophthalmologist immediately. Emergently lower the IOP. Medical treatment includes timolol, a brimonidine, dorzolamide, pilocarpine, and/or prednisolone drops, IV acetazolamide, and oral mannitol if IOP is still elevated after previous measures. b. Laser or surgical iridectomy is a definitive treatment.