Sadiaabout 1 year ago
Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency
Symptoms Difficulty seeing in the dark or night blindness (Nyctalopia). Dry corneas or the whites of the eyes (Xerophthalmia) Bitot spots in the whites of the eye. Sores in the corneas (Corneal ulcers) Cloudy corneas (Keratomalacia) If left untreated, these symptoms can lead to blindness.
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WHO classification of Xerophthalmia
XN - Nyctalopia
X1A - Conjunctival xerosis
X1B - Bitot’s spot
X2 - Corneal xerosis
X3 - Corneal ulceration / keratomalacia
- X3A - affecting < 1/3rd part of corneal surface
- X3B - affecting > 1/3rd part of corneal surface
XS - Corneal scars
XF - Xerophthalmic fundus
WHO treatment schedule for active xerophthalmia:
Vitamin A therapy
• Medication given on day 0, 1 and 14
• Same dose on all 3 days
• Oral route preferred
Age < 1year / any age with weight < 8kg = 50000 IU orally
Age > 1 year = 2 lakh IU orally / 1 lakh IU IMOphthalmia NeonatorumEyelid Swelling and Primary Sjögren's SyndromeKeratitisNight blindnessXerophthalmiaNight blindness
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