Lateral periodontal cysts (LPCs) are now considered to be an independent entity since the World Health Organization (WHO) classified them as such in the 1992 monograph on "The Histological Typing of Odontogenic Tumors." Lateral periodontal cysts are defined as nonkeratinized and noninflammatory developmental cysts The lateral periodontal cyst can be considered in the differential diagnosis when a radioloucent lesion appears adjacent to the roots of vital teeth. The treatment of choice is surgical removal and subsequent histological evaluation to confirm the diagnosis.