TURBAN TUMOR
These are appendage tumors of uncertain histogenesis. They may occur as solitary or multiple lesions. In case of multiple lesions numerous small papules and/or large dome-shaped nodules are present on the scalp like a turban, hence the name turban tumor. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⏩Scattered nodules are present occasionally on the face and in rare instances on the extremities.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Multiple cylindromas may be associated with other cutaneous and extracutaneous tumors. They affect females about twice as frequently as males. It is often familial and its inheritance is determined by an autosomal dominant gene. The tumors are frequently multiple, smooth, firm, pink to red in color and often somewhat pedunculated.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Some tumors may be painful. The commonest site is the scalp and adjacent skin. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅The tumors may be almost hairless when pedunculated, but the smaller lesions form dermal nodules with little loss of hair over them. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⏩A proportion of lesions occur on the face and neck, in less than 10% of cases they are situated on the trunk and limbs.⠀ ⠀⠀ ⏩HISTOPATHOLOGY FINDINGS: suggest that cylindroma is a dermal tumor without attachment to the epidermis.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅The lesion is composed of numerous oval and polygonal nests molded into a jigsaw-like pattern.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Masses of epithelial cells are surrounded and penetrated by a hyaline sheath closely resembling a basement membrane. This sheath separates the tumor from the dermal mesenchyme, yet does not interfere with tumor growth and proliferation.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅A lack of lymphoid tissue is a histological feature that differentiates cylindromas from spiradenomas. TREATMENT: For solitary lesions, the treatment of choice is surgical excision.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Other treatments include electrodesiccation/curettage and cryotherapy.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅For small cylindromas, the carbon dioxide laser may be used.⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Multiple cylindromas usually require extensive plastic surgery that may be obviated by progressively excising a group of nodules in multiple procedures. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ✅Follow-up care of patients with multiple cylindromas is recommended because of the tendency for new lesions to develop and to prevent the risk of malignant degeneration. By: https://www.instagram.com/p/CZXLVM1BsLe/?utm_medium=copy_link
