What is the most important initial investigation in suspected myasthenia gravis?
Patient of myasthenia gravis need to be distinguished from other diseases causing muscle weaknesses. To make the diagnosis of the disease physical examination, blood tests, electromyography and imaging is required. In physical exam patient is asked to perform repetitive movements to elicit weakness or asked to relax muscles trying to compensate for weakness. For example patient is asked to relax forehead muscles leading to ptosis for which he was compensating earlier unknowingly. Blood tests look for antibodies IgG against acetyl cholinesterase receptors or MUSK protein. Electromyography is done to test for fatigability of the muscle group. An endrophonium test can also be done. It is an aceylcholinesterase inhibitor leading to excess acetylcholine presence. If this improves the muscle weakness, a diagnosis of myasthenia can be made. Patient may also need CXR, CT scan and PFTs.