Head and neck arteries Left and right common carotid. The left common carotid comes directly off the aortic arch, while the right common carotid comes from the brachiocephalic trunk. External carotid. These paired arteries are derived from the common carotid arteries. The external carotid supplies blood to areas like the face, lower jaw, and neck. Internal carotid. Like the external carotid, these paired arteries are also derived from the common carotid arteries. They’re the primary arteries supplying blood to the brain. Vertebral. Formed off of the subclavian arteries, these paired arteries travel up the neck, where they also supply blood to the brain. Thyrocervical trunk. Also derived from the subclavian arteries, the thyrocervical trunk branches into several vessels that send blood to the thyroid, neck, and upper back Torso arteries Bronchial. There are typically two bronchial arteries, one on the left and one on the right. They supply blood to the lungs. Esophageal. The esophageal artery provides blood to the esophagus. Pericardial. This artery supplies blood to the pericardium, which is a membrane that surrounds the heart. Intercostal. The intercostal arteries are a pair of arteries on either side of the body that send blood to various areas of the torso, including the vertebrae, spinal cord, back muscles, and skin. Superior phrenic. Like the intercostal arteries, the superior phrenic arteries are paired and deliver blood to the vertebrae, spinal cord, skin, and diaphragm. Abdomen arteries Celiac trunk. Branching off from the abdominal aorta, the celiac trunk divides into smaller arteries that supply organs such as the stomach, liver, and spleen. Superior mesenteric. Also branching off of the abdominal aorta, it sends blood to the small intestine, pancreas, and most of the large intestine. Inferior mesenteric. Like the superior mesenteric artery, this artery also branches off of the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the last portion of the large intestine, which includes the rectum. Inferior phrenic. These are paired arteries that supply blood to the diaphragm. Adrenal. The adrenal arteries are paired arteries that send blood to the adrenal glands. Renal. These paired arteries deliver blood to the kidneys. Lumbar. These paired arteries send blood to the vertebrae and spinal cord. Gonadal. The gonadal arteries are paired arteries that send blood to the testes in males and the ovaries in females. Common iliac. This branch of the abdominal aorta divides into the internal and external iliac arteries. Internal iliac. Derived from the common iliac artery, this artery supplies blood to the bladder, pelvis, and external portion of the genitals. It also supplies the uterus and vagina in females. External iliac. Also arising from the common iliac artery, this artery eventually becomes the femoral artery.