Syndrome of unknown cause that often follows minor trauma, usually to an extremity. Pain is said to be worse than childbirth in some cases. Numerous other conditions have also been associated with the syndrome, including Lyme arthritis, barbiturate drugs, osteogenesis imperfecta, and various types of surgery. Signs and symptoms include sensory changes, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, skin atrophy, motor impairment, and psychological changes. Recent work suggests a genetic susceptibility. Prevention is important and includes early use of an injured extremity, physical therapy, and avoidance of smoking.