The basis of functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI). Low-frequency spontaneous fluctuations in the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal are correlated over time between regions within the same brain systems. Examples from a single subject depict correlated spontaneous fluctuations between left and right motor cortex (top) and the absence of correlation between motor and visual regions (bottom). fcMRI methods make use of the selective correlations between regions to map the organization of brain system. L, left; R, right; MOT, motor cortex; VIS, visual cortex (Van Dijk et al., 2010).