Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. A condition that causes inflammation in the walls of some blood vessels in the body. It's most common in infants and young children. It can also cause problems with lymph nodes, skin, and lining of the mouth, nose and throat. Scientists haven't found an exact cause for Kawasaki disease. But they think it's probably linked to a combination of genetics, exposure to viruses and bacteria, and other environment factors, such as chemicals and irritants.Kawasaki disease (KD), or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an illness that causesinflammation in arteries, veins, and capillaries. ... It's the most common cause of heart disease in children. The Kawasaki Disease Foundation (KDF) estimates that KD affects more than 4,200 children in the United States each year.